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KMID : 1001320160430010027
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Social Welfare Policy
2016 Volume.43 No. 1 p.27 ~ p.50
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The Gender Gap of the National Pension System: Focused on the Gender Difference in Receipts of the Old-age Pension
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Yoo Hee-Won
Lee Ju-Hwan
Kim Seong-Wook
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Abstract
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This study empirically analyzed the gender gap in receipts of the National Pension System was not simply a problem originated from differences in individual properties but discriminating factors between two groups. For this, the study analyzed whether the gender gap of the pension receipt was made from the differences of characteristics in individuals and labour market or discrimination factors through Oxaca-Blinder decomposition on the gap. As a result of the analyses, the gender gap of the total pension level came out 0.3675, among which the gap from differences was 0.1401(38.1%), and the gap from discrimination was 0.1401(61.9%). This meant among gender gaps of pension level, the part that can be justified by differences in characteristics was 38.1%, and the gap made from unexplained systematic discrimination, such as differences in education, age andoccupation level and the like reached 61.9%. Therefore, in order to reduce gender gap present in the National Pension System, efforts need to be made not only to create women’s human capital and improve their occupational positions, but also to enforce gender-friendly measures that can help overcome systematic discrimination occurring under the condition of gender equalityand especially situations that reflect unequal hierarchy in the labor market.
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KEYWORD
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national pension, gender gap, oaxaca-blinder decomposition
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